Exodus 32:19

And it came to pass, as soon as he came nigh unto the camp, that he saw the calf, and the dancing: and Moses’ anger waxed hot, and he cast the tables out of his hands, and brake them beneath the mount.

The Qur'an would not suggest that Moses broke the Tablets in his anger; God said:

When the anger of Moses was appeased, he took up the Tablets: in the writing thereon was Guidance and Mercy for such as fear their Lord.
[Qur'an 7:154]

There is a touch of disrespect (if not blasphemy) in supposing that God's Messenger broke Tablets in his anger. In fact, Moses' anger was justifiable and a reflection of his Godfearing. So, Moses would not disrespect God's written Guidance and smash the Tablets.