Qur'anic verses - Of the posterity of Adam:

These verses indicate three epochs, in chronological order, that is;

Stage 1: From the Creation to the Flood

Stage 2: From the Flood to Abraham

Stage 3: From Abraham to Jacob (Israel)

Following the previous verses 19:56-57, it is apparent that the posterity of Adam is meant to refer to Enoch, or Idris in the Qur'an, who was a Prophet of God during the earliest period in mankind's history, which started with the creation of Adam and ended by the great flood during the time of Noah, or Nuh in the Qur'an, and those who were carried in the Ark.

This was followed by another major spiritual development represented by Abraham, peace be upon him, who descended from Noah's eldest son, Shem. A new era in the history of the divine revelations started with Abraham who became the father of many distinguished prophets and nations.

"Praise be to God, Who hath granted me in old age Isma'il (Ishmael) and Isaac: for truly Lord is He, the Hearer of Prayer"
[Qur'an 14:38]